cpct_nextRandom_mxor532_u8

Calculates next 32-bits state for a Marsaglia’s XOR-Shift pseudo-random 8-bits generator, with the tuple (5,3,2).

C Definition

u32 cpct_nextRandom_mxor532_u8 (u32 seed) __z88dk_fastcall;

Input Parameters (4 bytes)

(4B DE:HL) *state*Previous state that the XOR-Shift algorithm will use to calculate its follower in the sequence.

Assembly call (Input parameter on DE:HL)

call cpct_nextRandom_mxor532_u8_asm

Return value (Assembly calls, return DE:HL = seed, A=L=random 8-bits)

<u32>Next internal state of the pseudo-random generator.  The 8 Least Significant bits of this state are the 8 pseudo-random bits generated by this call.

Parameter Restrictions

  • state could be any 32-bits number except 0.  A 0 as input will always produce another 0 as output.

Important details

  • This function calculates next state in a 32-bits sequence that goes over all 32-bits possible states except 0.  Therefore, it has a repeating period of (2^32)-1.  The walk this function does has a high pseudo-random quality, measured using Dieharder tests: (99 passed, 4 weak, 11 failed).  Giving 3 points per passed test and 1 point per weak result, the algorithm gets 301 out of 342 points (88.01%).
  • The quality of the pseudo-random 8-bits sequence is somewhat worse than that produced by other functions like cpct_getRandom_mxor_u8 (which uses cpct_nextRandom_mxor_u32) and cpct_getRandom_xsp40_u8, but still has a very good quality with with a really low CPU cost.  It is recommended with highest quality is not required, but CPU cost is a must.  In fact, quality compared to cpct_getRandom_glfsr16_u8 and cpct_getRandom_lcg_u8 is several orders of magnitude higher.

Details

This function implements a sequence of 32-bits states with period (2^32)-1.  For each produced state, a random sequence of 8-bits is returned.  This means that it produces consecutive 8-bits values that do not repeat until 4.294.967.295 numbers have been generated.  To do this, the function receives a 32-bit state as parameter (that should be different from 0) and returns the next 32-bit value in the sequence.  In each returned state, the 8 Least Significant bits are the 8 pseudo-random bits produced.

The sequence calculated by this function is based on a modified version of Marsaglia’s XOR-shift generator using the tuple (5, 3, 2) for 8-bit values.  Assuming that the 32-bits state s is composed of 4 8-bits numbers s=(x, z, y, w), this algorithm produces a new state s’=(x’,z’,y’,w’) doing these operations:

x' = y;
y' = z;
z' = w;
t  = x ^ (x << 2);
t  = t ^ (t >> 3);
w' = w ^ (w << 5) ^ t;

where <</>> are left/right bit shifting operations, and ^ is the exclusive OR (XOR) bitwise operation.

Destroyed Register values

AF, BC, DE, HL

Required memory

24 bytes

Time Measures

   Case     | microSecs (us) | CPU Cycles
-----------------------------------------
   Any      |      26        |    104
-----------------------------------------

Random quality measures

  • Dieharder tests rank: (103 Pass, 4 Weak, 7 Failed) (305/342 = 89.18%)
  • Pseudo-random bit stream velocity: 3,250 us / bit.  (8 bits produced in 26 us)
  • It has somewhat better quality than its homonimous function cpct_nextRandom_mxor_u8, which uses tuple (1,1,3) instead of (5,3,2).

Credits

unsigned long (u32 = unsigned 32-bits, 4 bytes)
Calculates next 32-bits state for a Marsaglia’s XOR-Shift pseudo-random 8-bits generator, with the tuple (5,3,2).
Gets a high-quality 8-bit pseudo-random number using Marsaglia’s XOR-shift algorithm (Using a 32-bits state)
Calculates next 32-bits pseudo-random number in Marsaglia’s XOR-shift 8-9-23 sequence.
Generates an 8-bits, high-quality, pseudo-random number with each call.
Return a pseudo-random byte using Galois Linear-Feedback Shift Register (G-LFSR) method, with a 16-bits state register.
Returns a pseudo-random byte using a fast Linear-Congruential-Algebra (LCG) method (33*Seed mod 257)
Calculates next 32-bits state for a Marsaglia’s XOR-Shift pseudo-random 8-bits generator, with the tuple (1,1,3) .
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